Normally, when the word “cork” is spoken, it is in reference to wine corks, or even bulletin boards. Each is an excellent example of its own use for the extraordinary material. Wine bottle corks utilize the moisture resistance inherent in cork, while the latter for the impact absorption it provides. Both qualities are also highly sought after in another industry as well, though, perhaps even more so: flooring. The same features present in wine bottle corks and on the thumb-tack pin cushions transfer into cork flooring, coming together to make a perfect choice for those who are either concerned about spills, or are on their feet for long periods of time; the moisture resistance makes dampness less of an issue, and the remarkable 40 percent compression figure encourages relief on feet, legs, and even stature.

A plethora of other qualities mark cork as a preferred choice for your flooring needs, such as its natural aversion to fire. Even before harvesting, the Cork Oak Trees in the Mediterranean are often left the least-damaged in brutal forest fires. The bark on these trees – known scientifically as Quercus Suber – resists the heat of the flames, and this characteristic is certainly present later on, when the material is processed into tiles. Of a similar note, this helps to make the material a fine insulator, whether it is as flooring, or underlayment.

The list of features grows further as you learn about Suberin, a waxy substance produced by the tree that repels insects, and also influences the Cork Oak’s Latin name. If you’ve ever held a cork from a wine bottle, the slight feel of it being waxy is contributed by this substance. Suberin also helps to prevent rot when the cork is exposed to moisture for extended periods of time. Additionally, this miracle brew helps to prevent mold.

The actual harvesting process of the trees is as different from other woods as its qualities are. The Cork Oak is not cut down when obtaining cork. Instead, the bark is carefully peeled away from the trunk, leaving a thin, membranous layer that transfers nutrients to the tree, sustaining it without its protective “skin.” The intricacy of this process ensures that the tree survives the experience. The bark then re-grows, and is ready to be harvested again in just under a decade – normally around nine years. Portugal produces most of the cork for the world, and has accommodated this industry by placing important preservation laws to conserve the trees, and refine the method of harvesting so that virtually no trees are lost. Furthermore, almost none of the product is lost in the refining process, making Cork one of the leading choices in green housing. Cork Oaks live over two centuries, during which time they will be harvested over twenty times, and at the end of their long life, will be replaced by two saplings.

The wide variety of cork products almost necessitates an equally vast variety in flooring choices. Colors range from tan and brown to green to chocolate and black. Each color can be placed into almost any atmosphere and blend with the feel that is trying to be produced.

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